4J42He koranu whakawhanui pumau te rino-nikara, he mea hanga te nuinga mai i te rino (Fe) me te nikara (Ni), ā, ko te nui o te nikara kei roto i te 41% ki te 42%. Hei tāpiri, he iti noa iho ngā huānga iti pēnei i te silicon (Si), te manganese (Mn), te waro (C), me te phosphorus (P). Nā tēnei hanganga matū ahurei ka tino pai te mahi.

I te tīmatanga o te rautau 20, me te aranga ake o te hangarau hiko, te rererangi me ētahi atu mara, i whakaritea he whakaritenga teitei ake mō ngā āhuatanga whakawhanui wera me ngā āhuatanga miihini o ngā rauemi, ā, ka tīmata ngā kairangahau ki te tūhura i ngā rauemi koranu me ngā āhuatanga motuhake. Hei koranu rino-nikara-kopara, ko te rangahau me te whakawhanaketanga o te koranu whakawhanui 4J42 he mea tika kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia o ēnei mara mō te mahi rauemi. Mā te whakarerekē tonu i te ihirangi o ngā huānga pēnei i te nikara, te rino, me te kopara, kua āta whakatauhia te whānuitanga hanganga tata o te koranu 4J42, ā, kua tīmata hoki te tangata ki te whiwhi tono tuatahi i roto i ētahi mara he nui ngā whakaritenga mō te mahi rauemi.

I te whanaketanga tonu o te pūtaiao me te hangarau, kei te piki haere tonu ngā whakaritenga mahi mō te koranu whānui 4J42. Kei te whakapai tonu ngā kairangahau i te mahi a te koranu 4J42 mā te whakapai ake i ngā tukanga whakaputa me te arotau i te hanganga koranu. Hei tauira, nā te whakamahinga o te hangarau whakarewa me te hangarau tukatuka matatau ake kua whakapai ake i te parakore me te ōritetanga o te koranu, ā, kua whakaitihia anō hoki te pānga o ngā huānga poke ki te mahi a te koranu. I taua wā anō, kua rangahaua hōhonutia hoki te tukanga maimoatanga wera me te tukanga whakarewa o te koranu 4J42, ā, kua hangaia he tawhā tukanga pūtaiao me te whaitake hei whakapai ake i te mahi tukatuka me te mahi whakamahi o te koranu.

I ngā tau tata nei, nā te tere o te whanaketanga o ngā mahi hikohiko, te rererangi, te hauora me ētahi atu mara, kua piki haere tonu te hiahia mō te koranu whakawhānui 4J42, ā, kua whānui haere tonu te mara tono. I roto i te mara o ngā hikohiko, me te whanaketanga tonu o ngā ara iahiko whakauru, ngā taputapu haurua-ira, me ētahi atu, kei te piki haere ngā whakaritenga mō ngā rauemi tākai. Kua noho te koranu 4J42 hei rauemi nui i roto i te mara o te tākai hiko nā te pai o tana mahi whakawhānui wera me te mahi whakarewa.

I te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau whakaputa, ka nui ake te aro ki te whakapai ake i te parakore o te koranu me te whakaiti i te nui o ngā huānga poke i te heke mai. Mā tēnei ka pai ake te pumau o te mahi o te koranu, ka whakaiti i ngā rerekētanga mahi i puta mai i ngā poke, ā, ka whakapai ake i te pono o te koranu i roto i ngā tono tino tika. Hei tauira, i roto i te mara o te takai hiko, ka taea e te koranu 4J42 tino parakore te whakarite i te pumau roa me te mahi teitei o ngā wāhanga hiko.