I roto i te whiriwhiri rauemi ahumahi, he pātai noa mai i ngā kaihoko, "Ko tēhea te mea pai ake, te nikara, te parahi rānei?". Heoi, i roto i te ao tūturu, kāore he "pai ake", engari ko te "pai ake" - he tino pai te nikara ki te ātete ki te waikura me te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, ko te parahi ia he pai ake te kawe hiko me te whai huatanga utu. Ka whakamahia e ia o ia o ēnei te kaha i roto i ngā āhuatanga rerekē. Mai i ngā āhuatanga matua, ngā mara tono, me ngā whakamahinga mahi, ka āwhina tēnei tuhinga i a koe ki te whakamārama i te ariā whiriwhiri i waenga i te nikara me te parahi, kia taea ai e koe te kimi i te otinga rauemi tino tika mō ō hiahia.

Tuatahi, ka whakaratohia e te ripanga i raro nei he whakataurite mārama o ngā āhuatanga matua me ngā ahunga urutau i waenga inikara(i runga i ā mātou hua nikara parakore, me te parakore o ≥99.95%) meparahi(parahi parakore ā-umanga, me te parakore o ≥99.9%):

Mai i te tirohanga o ngā horopaki tono mahi, he mārama ake ngā rerekētanga o te kōwhiringa i waenga i ngā mea e rua:

I roto i te ao o te kawe hiko, he pai ake te parahi mō ngā waea taputapu whare whānui me ngā taura ngaohiko iti—e tutuki ana i ngā hiahia kawe hiko taketake me tōna kawe hiko teitei me te utu iti. Heoi, he mea nui te nikara mō ngā waea o roto o ngā taputapu hauora (hei tauira, ngā waea tirotiro pene huka) me ngā waea tohu taputapu rererangi: ko te mea tuatahi me ātete ki te waikura wai tinana, ko te mea tuarua me ātete ki te pāmahana iti (i raro i te -50℃ i ngā teitei teitei). Ko ā mātou waea nikara parakore kua whakaritea me te manawanui o te 0.002mm kua whakarerekētia e te maha o ngā umanga hauora/rererangi.

I roto i ngā āhuatanga ātete-waikura, ka tīpakohia te nikara (ehara i te parahi) mō ngā arai tāke rokiroki matū me ngā hononga taputapu moana: ka waikura te parahi i roto i te kotahi marama i roto i ngā taiao tote, waikawa rānei, ko ngā arai tāke rokiroki i hangaia mai i ā mātou pereti nikara parakore kāore e turuturu i muri i te 3 tau o te whakamahinga i roto i ngā umanga matū. Heoi, he nui ake te painga utu-whai hua o te parahi mō ngā whakapaipai whare me ngā hononga whānui i roto i ngā taiao maroke.

I ngā whakamahinga pāmahana teitei, ko te nikara anake ka taea te whakamahi mō ngā wāhanga whakamahana o ngā taputapu whakamahana me ngā waea o ngā pūoko putanga hau o ngā motuka: ka whakangawari, ka huri te āhua o te parahi i ngā pāmahana neke atu i te 500℃, ko ngā wāhanga whakamahana i hangaia mai i ā mātou waea nikara parakore ka taea te mahi pumau i te 1200℃ i roto i ngā oumu ahumahi mō ngā haora neke atu i te 5000. Mō te whakamahana pāmahana-rūma (hei tauira, ngā whakamahana iti-mana i roto i ngā taputapu whare), ka taea te whiriwhiri i te parahi hei whakaiti i ngā utu.

He mea nui, ina hiahiatia he "kawenga o te parahi + te ātete ki te waikura o te nikara" i roto i tētahi horopaki, ko ā mātou hua koranu parahi-nikara (hei tauira, CuNi40) te otinga tino pai—ka mau tonu te painga kawenga o te parahi (kawenga: 15×10⁶ S/m) me te ātete ki te waikura o te nikara (he ātete ki te waikura o te wai moana e tata ana ki te nikara parakore), ā, kua whakamahia whānuitia i roto i ngā taura moana me ngā taputapu tango tote wai moana.

Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko te mea nui ki te whiriwhiri i waenga i te nikara me te parahi kei roto i te "mehemea e hiahiatia ana te ātete ki te waikura, te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, te ātete rānei ki te pāmahana tino iti": ki te hiahiatia ēnei āhuatanga, he pai ake te whiriwhiringa pono o te nikara; ki te mea ko te kawe hiko taketake, te utu iti, me te tukatuka ngāwari anake e hiahiatia ana, he pai ake te parahi. Ki te kore tonu koe e tino mōhio ki te kōwhiringa rauemi, tēnā whakapā mai ki a mātou—ka taea e mātou te whakarato tauira ritenga o te nikara, te parahi, me te parahi-nikara i roto i ngā haora 72 i runga i ō tawhā horopaki (hei tauira, te pāmahana, te reo, ngā whakaritenga kawe hiko),hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakataurite tika i te otinga rauemi.