Puna Koranu Ātete Wera Fecral 0.07 – 10mm mō te Ātete Ite Au

1. Whakaahuatanga me te Whakarōpūtanga o te Hua

Ko ngā momo puna tino rongonui ko:

Puna cantilever – he puna e mau ana i tetahi pito anake.
Puna kōpiko, puna porowhita rānei – e rua ngā momo o te puna (i hangaia mā te takai i te waea huri noa i te rango):
Kua hangaia ngā puna kume, ngā puna toronga rānei kia roa ake i raro i te kawenga. Ko ō rātou takahuri (ngā koropiko) ka pā te nuinga o te wā i te tūranga kore uta, ā, he matau, he kanohi, he huarahi whakapiri rānei kei ia pito.
Kua hangaia ngā puna kōpeketanga kia poto ake ina utaina. Kāore ō rātou takahuri (ngā koropiko) e pā ana i te tūranga kore utaina, ā, kāore e hiahiatia he pūwāhi whakapiri.
Ka taea e ngā puna ngongo kau te whakamahi hei puna toronga, hei puna kōpeketanga rānei. Ka whakakīia ngā ngongo kau ki te hinu, ā, mā te whakamahi i te tikanga hei whakarerekē i te pēhanga wai i roto i ngā ngongo pērā i te kiriuhi, i te piston iti rānei hei whakapakeke, hei whakangāwari rānei i te puna, pērā i te pēhanga wai i roto i te ngongo māra. Heoi anō, ka whiriwhiria te wāhanga whakawhiti o ngā ngongo kia rerekē ai tōna horahanga ina pāngia te ngongo e te whakarerekētanga hurihuri – mā te whakarerekētanga o te horahanga wāhanga whakawhiti ka rerekē te rōrahi o roto o ngā ngongo me te rere o te hinu ki roto, ki waho rānei i te puna ka taea te whakahaere e te takirere, kia whakahaere ai i te pakari. He maha atu anō ngā hoahoa o ngā puna ngongo kau ka taea te whakarerekē i te pakari me te auau e hiahiatia ana, te whakarerekē i te pakari mā te maha, te neke rānei pērā i te kaiwhakaoho raina hei tāpiri atu ki ōna āhuatanga puna.
Puna hiko – he puna koiri pēhanga he āhua koeko kia kore ai ngā koiri e pēhia tetahi ki tetahi i raro i te pēhanga, ā, ka roa ake te haere.
Puna makawe, puna taurite rānei – he puna porowhita angiangi e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā wati, i ngā ine hiko, me ngā wāhi me kawe te hiko ki ngā taputapu hurihuri ā-wāhanga pērā i ngā wira urungi, me te kore e aukati i te hurihanga.
Puna rau – he puna papatahi e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā whakatārewatanga waka, ngā pana hiko, me ngā ihu.
Puna-V – e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha pū tawhito pērā i te raka wira, te raka kiripaka me ngā raka taupoki patupatu. Me te puna raka tatau anō hoki, e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha raka tatau tawhito.
Ko ētahi atu momo ko:

He puna horoi Belleville, he puna Belleville rānei – he puna āhua kōpae e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei whakau i te pūtu (me te tikanga tīmatanga hoki o ngā maina whenua e whakahohehia ana e te pēhanga)
Puna kaha-pūmau — he rīpene pōkai pūmau e whakaatu ana i te kaha tata tonu i a ia e wetekina ana
Puna hau – he rōrahi hau kua kōpeketia
Puna Pai – he puna whakaaro e whakamahia ana i roto i te ahupūngao—kāore he taumaha, he papatipu, he ngaronga whakamākū rānei. Ko te kaha e pā ana ki te puna he rite ki te tawhiti e totorohia ana, e pēhia ana rānei te puna mai i tōna tūranga whakangā.
Puna matua – he puna porowhita āhua rīpene e whakamahia ana hei putunga hiko i roto i ngā mīhini karaka: ngā wati, ngā karaka, ngā pouaka waiata, ngā taonga takaro hurihuri, me ngā rama hiko-ā-ringa.
Puna whakakāhore – he whitiki whakarewa angiangi, he paku piko te wāhanga whakawhiti. Ina takaihia, ka rite te wāhanga whakawhiti ki te papatahi, engari ina wetekina ka hoki ki tōna piko o mua, ka puta he kaha pumau puta noa i te nekehanga, ā, ka kore e hiahiatia he ia ki te hoki whakamuri. Ko te whakamahinga tino noa ko te ture rīpene maitai hoki whakamuri.
Ngā puna koiri tere ahu whakamua – He puna koiri he tere rerekē, ko te tikanga ka tutuki mā te kore ōrite o te papatahi, kia tau ai tētahi, neke atu rānei o ngā koiri ki tōna hoa tata i te wā e pēhia ana te puna.
Here rapa – he puna kume e rongoa ai te pūngao mā te totoro i te rauemi.
Pūwero puna – hei whakamahi i te kaha kume pumau i te tuaka o te whakapiri.
Puna hurihuri – he puna kua hangaia kia mirohia, kaua e pēhia, kia whakaroa rānei. Whakamahia i roto i ngā pūnaha whakatārewatanga waka pae hurihuri.
Puna ngaru – tētahi o ngā puna, ngā horoi, me ngā whakawhanui āhua ngaru maha, tae atu ki ngā puna rārangi – he mea hanga katoa ēnei ki te waea papatahi, ki ngā kōpae rānei kua whakakōpikopikohia kia rite ki ngā tikanga ahumahi, mā te tā-mate, kia puta he tauira pūmau ngaru ka puta he porowhita piko. Kei reira anō hoki ngā puna ngaru waea porowhita. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko te horoi ngaru, te puna ngaru huri kotahi, te puna ngaru huri maha, te puna ngaru rārangi, te whakawhanui marcel, te puna ngaru honohono, me te puna ngaru kōpikopiko.

2. Ngā taipitopito hua